Rain water harvesting pdf advantages,techniques,examples of water harvesting rainwater harvesting is a process involving collection and storage of rain water with the help of artificially designed system that runs off natural or manmade catchment areas e. Box 45, 6700 aa, wageningen the netherlands 2 jacob blaustein institute for desert research, sede boqer campus. Rainwater harvesting provides a water supply buffer for use in times of emergency or breakdown of the public water supply systems, particularly during natural disasters. In doing so, water harvesting assures a continuous and reliable access to water. Traditional knowledge, water management, kumaon himalaya ipc int. Management and water harvesting as t groundwater augmentation. Jul 02, 20 as the world reels under the threat of unrelenting climate change, erratic monsoons and fast depleting groundwater reserves, the miracle water village narrat. Both yields and reliability of production can be significantly improved with this method. After conservation, the second step toward water independence is harvesting rainwater. Naula naula is a surfacewater harvesting method typical to the hill areas of uttaranchal. In terms of landrelated issues, most youth thought that not cutting trees in their entirety was the numberone solution. The paper throws light on the water harvesting methods and the linkages of water with forests. Water harvesting and watersaving techniques donald gabriels, wim m. Accumulating the water and storing it for reuse rather than allowing to run off is called water harvesting.
Western himalayas kul water channels in mountain areas of jammu, himachal pradesh. No single method or system is best suited for all sites or water needs. Roof top rain water harvesting depends upon the amount of rainfall and the roof top area. Water harvesting is an effective and economical means of. Rain water harvesting presentation linkedin slideshare. They are usually located on medium and high lands as these have less water for cultivation and greater runo. What is rainwater harvesting, its importance and various. Water harvesting and water saving techniques donald gabriels, wim m. The augmented resources can be harvested whenever needed. Global and local climate change affects much on the current water resources status. Pdf saving traditional water harvesting systems in uttarakhand. Variability of climate, soils, topography, and water needs require that each system. The water stored in the dams, for example, has already declined as the capacity of the dam and the rainfall intensity and pattern have changed.
Transhimalayan region zing tanks for collecting water from melted ice in ladakh. Kuhls are a traditional irrigation system in himachal pradesh surface channels diverting water from natural flowing streams khuds. Rain water harvesting is essential in view of the fact that rainfall, which is a source. Traditional knowledge of water management in kumaon.
This book enables you to assess your onsite resources, gives you a diverse array. Water harvesting wh can be considered as a rudimentary form of irrigation in some areas water harvesting for agriculture is called runoff farming. Rainwater harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops, the land surface or rock catchments using simple techniques such as jars and pots as well as more complex techniques such as underground check dams. Most pits have a domeshaped cover, or at least a lid, to protect the water. Almora and pahadpani naula nainital are some other notable examples. Water harvesting techniques prevalent in the western himalaya. Rainwater harvesting can reduce storm drainage load and flooding in city streets. Rain water harvesting techniques to augment ground water.
A wire mesh across water inlets prevents debris from falling into the wellpit. Pdf traditional water harvesting practices of almora in kumaon. Rainwater harvesting for drylands and beyond, volume 1, 2nd edition, is the bestselling, awardwinning guide on how to conceptualize, design, and implement lifeenhancing water, sun, wind, and shadeharvesting systems for your home, landscape, and community. Slides 1a and b depicts the outer and inner structure of the famous constructed and preserved spring naula of almora city of the himalayan state of uttarakhand of india. A number of water harvesting techniques are based along contours including. Flood water harvesting can be defined as the collection and storage of creek flow for irrigation use. Rain water harvesting for drinking in rural area a case. Rain water harvesting for drinking in rural area a case study on three villages of paikgacha thana in khulna district md. Water harvesting helps smooth out variation in water availability by collecting the rain and storing it more efficiently in closed stores or in sandy riverbeds.
Uttarakhand has a glorious tradition of water harvesting and a number of natural. Assessment of best practises and experience in water. It also focuses on the watershed approach for managing water resources in the present scenario. The technology and engineering of the traditional water harvesting systems differed, depending on whether they were to provide drinking water or to be used for irrigation. Ground water harvesting through traditional water harvesting. Rainwater harvesting case study construction of household rainwater harvesting jars in uganda wateraid has been working to improve household water supplies in a ugandan village where 3,000 people lack access to safe water.
Demand for processed supply water is growing higher due to an increasing population. Naulas are common water harvesting structures in kumaon, but less popular in garhwal. This video shows the importance of rain water harvesting. These are small wells or ponds in which water is collected by making a stone wall across a stream. City of tucson water harvesting guidance manual 1 introduction what is water harvesting. Rainwater harvesting is the intentional collection of rainwater from a surface and its subsequent storage in order to supply water during the time of demand. Intercepted stormwater can be collected, slowed down, and retained. The augmented resource can be harvested in the time of need. The community is heavily affected by hivaids and there are many widows and single occupancy households. Flood water harvesting, also known as large catchment water harvesting or spate irrigation, may be classified into following two forms.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Agricultural water management learning and discussion brief rainwater harvesting in west bengal based on a report by partha sarathi banerjee what are hapas. Water harvesting and its utilization is one of the major components of the watershed development programs which is realized through. Traditional water harvesting structures in the centralwestern himalayas. Technological potential for improvements of water harvesting. Kohli tanks the kohlis, a small group of cultivators, built some 43,381 water tanks in the district of bhandara, maharashtra, some 250300 years ago. There are still many naulas a traditional source of water in certain parts of. Water management traditions in the centralwestern himalayas. Naula is a surface water harvesting method typical to the.
Public private partnership for implementation should be attempted with adequate supervision by agencies. Water harvesting is the collection of runoff for p roductive purposes. Water harvesting is the process of intercepting stormwater runoff from a surface e. Sustainability of rainwater harvesting system in terms of.
May 02, 2017 accumulating the water and storing it for reuse rather than allowing to run off is called water harvesting. The western himalayas the himalayan mountains bind india in the north by one continuous chain of gigantic peaks. Us rainwater can be used directly in water scarce period by construction of sump and collect the roof top rainwater through filter media. Rain water harvesting rwh techniques have been utilized throughout time as some irrigation methods have been used by the people of ur present iraq around 4500 bc and are at present used in india khadin structures. In hilly areas of uttaranchal, the people harvest ground water by making stonewall across ground water streams. Water harvesting techniques for sustainable water resources management in catchments area of extreme climate condition. Rainwater harvesting is a simple strategy by which rainfall is gathered and stored for future usage. The indus valley cities had excellent systems of water harvesting and. E02b0 water is a precious gift of nature and indispensable. Examples of traditional water harvesting system in india. Presented by rajesh kumar gupta suraj kumar vishwakarma 2. Rainwater harvesting is a way to capture rain water at the time of the downpour, store the water above the ground or download the underground water and use later. With rapid climatic changes, increase in global temperature and population growth, there is a scarcity of potable water in many countries across the world.
A water harvesting system is composed of a catchment or water collecting area, a water storage structure, and other components such as piping, evaporation control, and fencing. China, conservation tillage, conventional tillage, rainfed agriculture, tunisia, water harvesting, water saving contents 1. A water harvesting system collects and stores water. Naula is a surfacewater harvesting method typical to the hill areas of uttaranchal. A wire mesh across waterinlets prevents debris from falling into the wellpit. Roof top rain water harvesting can be a very effective tool to fight the problem of water shortage particularly in urban areas. As the world reels under the threat of unrelenting climate change, erratic monsoons and fast depleting groundwater reserves, the miracle water village narrat. Water is considered an everlasting free source that can be acquired naturally. Sustainable use of water could maintain a balance between its demand and supply. Structure use uttarakhand chaalkhalchuptyaula animal consumption naula baori domestic water use dhara drinking water, occasionally irrigation from large dharas. Hapas are small, deep ponds, dug on farmland to store rainwater. Rainwater harvesting is best described as the technique by which rain water is accumulated and stored with the intention of reusing it during the dry season or when there is a drought. The western half, which stretches from the kashmir valley to the hills of uttaranchal forms the watershed of the river indus, its five tributaries and the main ganga river.
Rainwater is often the only viable water source in arid regions or on islands where other water sources may be high in salt, limited in availability, or very expensive. As the groundwater resources are depleting, is the only way the rainwater harvesting to solve the water problem. Artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which the ground. Rainwater harvesting is essential in view of the fact that rainfall, which is a source. It is the traditional water harvesting systems that have made life possible even in the thar desert. When it rains the water gets collected on the ground, in the river or on the roof top. Water harvesting techniques gather water from an area termed the catchment area and channel it to the cropping area or wherever it is required. Water harvesting techniques for sustainable water resources. The sides of the wellpit are covered with disinfectant lime and ash.
Conservation techniques conserve water within the biomass and the soil by reducing runoff and keeping the water where it falls, as much as possible. Apr 11, 2019 naula naula is a surfacewater harvesting method typical to the hill areas of uttaranchal. Water harvesting potential rainfall mm x area of catchment x runoff coefficient or water harvesting potential rainfall mm x collection efficiency the collection efficiency accounts for the fact that all the rainwater falling over an area cannot be effectively harvested, because of evaporation, spillage etc. Water harvesting is the activity of direct collection of rainwater,which can be stored for direct use or can be recharged into the groundwater. Traditional knowledge of water management in kumaon himalaya. Cornelis and wouter schiettecatte department of soil management and soil care, ghent university, belgium keywords. Learning in schools about traditional knowledge systems in. Assessment of best practises and experience in water harvesting. Oct 24, 2007 this video shows the importance of rain water harvesting.
The rain water harvesting may be defined as the technique of collection and storage of rain water at surface or in subsurface aquifer before it is lost as surface run off. Its wise to check your state and countys regulations concerning rainwater especially if you live in utah, washington, colorado, and california for the latest regulations and guidelines. Saving traditional water harvesting systems in uttarakhand. Khatri is traditional water harvesting structures are found in hamirpur, kangra and mandi districts of himachal pradesh. Rain water harvesting pdf advantages,techniques,examples of. Surprisingly, water rights issues in some western states have limited or curtailed the harvesting of rainwater. Page 18 of 24 the food chain is also likely to get affected resulting in toxic implication affecting communities who do not even live in arsenic polluted zones. Steps to be taken there should be conservation and refurbishing of old surface water sources such as ponds, lakes etc. The number of ways you can go about this might surprise you. A water harvesting system is composed of a catchment or water collecting area, a waterstorage structure, and other components such as piping, evaporation control, and fencing. Benasher2 1 international institute for land reclamation and improvement, ilri, p. The youth also mentioned using naulas, harvesting rainwater, using proper water storage, and keeping water sources clean as other ways to resolve waterrelated issues.
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